sham Definition
sham (s̸ham)
noun
- Obsolete a trick or fraud
- an imitation that is meant to deceive; counterfeit
- a hypocritical action, deceptive appearance, etc.
- a person who is not what he or she pretends to be; fraud; impostor
- ☆ pillow sham
Etymology: prob. < N Eng dial. var. of shame
adjective
not genuine or real; false, counterfeit, pretended, etc.
transitive verb shammed, sham′·ming
to be or make an imitation or false show of; counterfeit
intransitive verb
to pretend to be what one is not
sham Synonyms
sham Synonyms
sham Finance Definition
- A transaction that is designed to trick or defraud investors.
- A means to avoid taxes fraudulently.
sham Law Definition
n
sham Usage Examples
Object
acupuncture: Thus, for example: " Is standard manual acupuncture superior to sham acupuncture in improving the quality of life after ischaemic stroke?
Converse of object
- expose: A boycott is surely called for to expose the sham of this " recall " .
- become: The democratic process has become a sham - there is an elected dictatorship in Parliament.
- make: The whole thing is a complete shambles and is making a sham of democracy.
Adjective modifier
- miserable: The whole exercise brought home to me just what a miserable sham of a show EastEnders was.
- mere: How little real secret communion with God, without which, the outside is mere sham.
- complete: The pretense that official policy has been agreed in partnership with civil society is a complete sham.
- total: Every moment of quality is ruined by another of total sham.
- regulatory: This incident highlights the regulatory sham surrounding Bt crops [ 14, 15 ] .
- cynical: Over the last 5 years this government's much proclaimed ethical foreign policy has been exposed for the cynical sham that it always was.
Modifies a noun
- acupuncture: Acupuncture or sham acupuncture was given twice a week for two weeks, followed by once a week for 10 weeks.
- marriage: Not only is she unfaithful, she proposes a sham marriage.
- manipulation: There were no significant benefits with osteopathic manipulative treatment, as compared with sham manipulation.
- injection: All of the trials except one compared corticosteroid to saline injection, the other using a sham injection.
- democracy: Thus the first luxury to be discarded in this imperialist war is sham capitalist democracy.
- fight: A view of the sham fight with Fort Denison at the left of the picture.
Modifying Another Word
not: Let us take the place of free thinkers and real skeptics, not shams.
Noun used with modifier
pillow: With every bedspread you order, recieve a matching pair of pillow shams FREE!
Preposition: of
- democracy: The experience of the last four years has shown me quite clearly just what a sham of democracy the European Parliament really is.
- Christianity: But he harbored deeper feelings on many subjects, particularly the sham of Christianity, noting them down and hiding them away.

