(to͞oth)
noun pl. teeth teeth (tēth) a. One of a set of hard, bonelike structures rooted in sockets in the jaws of vertebrates, typically composed of a core of soft pulp surrounded by a layer of hard dentin that is coated with cementum or enamel at the crown and used for biting or chewing food or as a means of attack or defense.
b. A similar structure in invertebrates, such as one of the pointed denticles or ridges on the exoskeleton of an arthropod or the shell of a mollusk.
- A projecting part resembling a tooth in shape or function, as on a comb, gear, or saw.
- A small, notched projection along a margin, especially of a leaf. Also called dent2.
- A rough surface, as of paper or metal.
a. Something that injures or destroys with force. Often used in the plural: the teeth of the blizzard.
b. teeth Effective means of enforcement; muscle: “This . . . puts real teeth into something where there has been only lip service” (Ellen Convisser).
- Taste or appetite: She always had a sweet tooth.
verb (to͞oth, to͞oÞ) toothed toothed,
tooth·ing,
tooths verb, transitive- To furnish (a tool, for example) with teeth.
- To make a jagged edge on.
verb, intransitive To become interlocked; mesh.
Word History: Eating, biting, teeth, and dentists are related not only logically but etymologically; that is, the roots of the words
eat, tooth, and
dentist have a common origin. The Proto-Indo-European root
*ed-, meaning “to eat” and the source of our word
eat, originally meant “to bite.” A participial form of
*ed- in this sense was
*dent-, “biting,” which came to mean “tooth.” Our word
tooth comes from
*dont-, a form of
*dent-, with sound changes that resulted in the Germanic word
*tanthuz. This word became Old English
tōth and Modern English
tooth. Meanwhile the Proto-Indo-European form
*dent- itself became in Latin
dēns (stem
dent-), “tooth,” from which is derived our word
dentist. We find a descendant of another Proto-Indo-European form
*(o)dont- in the word
orthodontist.
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tooth