ancient empire in SW Asia, in the lower valley of the Tigris & Euphrates rivers: it flourished c. 2100-689 and again, as Chaldea or “New Babylonia,” c. 625-538
Origin:
L < Gr Babylōnia < Babylōn: see Babylon
See Babylonia in American Heritage Dictionary 4
An ancient empire of Mesopotamia in the Euphrates River valley. It flourished under Hammurabi and Nebuchadnezzar II but declined after 562 B.C. and fell to the Persians in 539.