The city of Kano appears on the map of the Arab geographer, Idrisi, A.D.
In the 10th century an Arab geographer described it as the great port of Palestine and the emporium of the Hejaz.
400), Greek geographer, was born at Heraclea in Pontus.
Shemakha was the capital of the khanate of Shirvan, and was known to the Roman geographer Ptolemy as Kamachia.
But even in these districts the botanist and the geographer can easily distinguish between the chern or thick forest of the Altai and the taiga of East Siberia.