The word ibid is short for the Latin word ibidem, meaning “in the same place.” Modern writers use it in reference notes on a larger written work, giving details about the origin of information used in the larger text.

When two consecutive notes come from the same place, the word ibid. is used for the second note. This saves writing the whole note out again and directs the reader to the same place that was just referred to in order to find the information. Ibid. is an abbreviation of a longer word, so it always has a period after it.

Consecutions meaning

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