The status had its origin in the conferment of citizenship upon Tusculum in 381 B.C. (Livy vi.
congregations for the Conferment of Higher and Honorary Degrees and Postgraduate Diplomas will take place in December, 2006.
He was minister of public instruction in the short-lived cabinet of the 19th of May 1873, and in 1876, having been elected senator for the Aisne, he was again entrusted by Dufaure with the ministry of public instruction, with which, as a Protestant, he was not permitted to combine the ministry of public worship. His most important project, a bill transferring the conferment of degrees to the state, passed the Chamber, but was thrown out by the Senate.
But the conferment of the rank upon an individual as distinct from a whole family (gens) is enough to show how widely the modern conception of patrician rank differed from the ancient.
A further change in the meaning of the name is marked by its conferment on Pippin the Frank e by Pope Stephen.