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ribosome Definition

ribo·some (rī′bə sōm′)

noun

a minute, spherical particle composed of RNA and proteins and present in great numbers in the cytoplasm of cells: proteins are manufactured at the ribosomal surface following genetic instructions carried there by messenger RNA

Etymology: < ribose + -some

ribosome Related Forms
ri′·bo·so′·mal (-sō′məl) adjective
ribosome Usage Examples

Adjective modifier

  • 70s: Forms a bridge to the 50s subunit in the 70s ribosome, contacting the 23s rrna.
  • bacterial: For example, tetracycline binds to bacterial ribosomes, which make proteins, and in doing so hinders protein production.
  • eukaryotic: Recently ( Feb 2006 ) I joined Prof C.V. Robinson's mass spectrometry group to continue structural investigation of eukaryotic ribosomes.
  • mitochondrial: Mitochondrial ribosomes are the 70S ( bacterial ) type, in contrast to the 80S ribosomes found elsewhere in the cell.
  • whole: Whole ribosomes and their individual subunits can be crystallized in the same way as proteins.

Converse of object

  • have: The rough ER is labeled as such because it has ribosomes adhering to its outer surface, whereas the smooth ER does not.
  • call: LANL's ASC Q Machine has been used for biological research into the creation of proteins with a cellular factor called a ribosome.
  • bind: These proteins are extruded into the lumen of the E.R. as they are synthesized by ribosomes bound to docking proteins on the cytoplasmic surface.
  • associate: Smooth ER has no ribosomes associated with it and is involved in lipid and sterol synthesis.
  • isolate: Ribosomes isolated from these strains behaved essentially like wild-type ribosomes in the presence of drug.
  • attach: The proteins synthesized on ribosomes attached to the ER, are then transported to the Golgi, and packaged for secretion.

Converse of subject

  • synthesize: Index to Course Material Index to Section 4 The destination of proteins synthesized by ribosomes obviously depends on their function.
  • translate: Our research interests focus on understanding the process by which genetic information is translated by the ribosome into protein.

Modifies a noun

  • display: During the year, CAT has refined its proprietary ribosome display system.
  • entry: A single nucleotide change in the c-myc internal ribosome entry segment leads to enhanced binding of a group of protein factors.
  • structure: Now that the ribosome structure is known, antibiotics could in principle be designed to latch onto it.
  • system: During the year, CAT has refined its proprietary ribosome display system.
  • biogenesis: Nucleolar components involved in ribosome biogenesis cycle between the nucleolus and nucleoplasm in interphase cells.
  • subunit: Where are proteins of the large ribosome subunit located?

Preposition: in

  • cytoplasm: Translation Messenger RNA then passes out of the nucleus and travels to small structures called ribosomes in the cytoplasm.