The duchy afterwards changed hands several times, one of its holders being Charles of Valois, natural son of Charles IX.
Three names stand out in this 1 Ouvres, ix.
Excavations on the site of Ostia were only begun towards the close of the 18th century, and no systematic work was done until 1854, when under Pius IX.
I) and maintaining a navy at Ezion-geber, at the head of the Gulf of Akaba (1 Kings ix.
