any of an early family of stringed instruments played with a curved bow, characterized generally by six strings, frets, a flat back, and -shaped sound holes: used chiefly in the 16th and 17th cent. in sizes from the treble viol to the bass viol
See viol in American Heritage Dictionary 4
(vīˈəl)
noun
Any of a family of stringed instruments, chiefly of the 16th and 17th centuries, having a fretted fingerboard, usually six strings, and a flat back and played with a curved bow.