noun

1. 1. a large mass of or as of moving water; wave; swell; billow
   2. such waves or billows collectively or in a series
2. a movement of or like that of a mass of water; violent rolling, sweeping, or swelling motion the surge of the sea
3. a sudden, sharp increase of electric current or voltage in a circuit
4. any sudden, strong increase, as of energy, enthusiasm, etc.
5. Naut.
   1. the concave part of a capstan or windlass, upon which the rope surges, or slips
   2. such a surging, or slipping

Etymology: LME sourge, fountain, stream, prob. < OFr sourgeon < stem of sourdre, to rise < L surgere, to rise, spring up < *subsregere < subs-, var. of sub- (see sub-) + regere, to direct (see right)

intransitive verb surged, surging surg′·ing

1. to have a heavy, violent swelling motion; move in or as in a surge or surges
2. to rise and fall or be tossed about on waves, as a ship
3. to increase suddenly or abnormally: said of electric current or voltage
4. to slip, as a rope or cable on a capstan or windlass

Etymology: < OFr sourg-, stem of sourdre: see surgethe

transitive verb