According to the 2001 Congressional Research Service Report for Congress on Cyberwarfare, cyberwarfare can be used for the various aspects of attacking and defending information and computer networks in cyberspace. In short, cyberwarfare is information war. Some key problems regarding cyber attacks include difficulty in determining the nature and origin of the attack as well as the amount of resulting damage. In recent years, a number of countries have included cyberwarfare in their military doctrines—including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, China, and Russia.

See Also: Attack; Cyberspace; Network.