Converse of object

• form: The soil and the rocks under it form the non-living substratum for all ecosystem components to exist on.

• provide: The marine flora is dominated by seagrass beds providing a substratum for 100 species of zoophytes, juvenile fish and sea snakes.

• mean: The substratum meant is either the nearest to, or the farthest from, the final state.

• require: He brings to center stage the question of whether properties require some substratum or bare particular to inhere in or belong to.

Adjective modifier

• hard: The mounds are also unusual in that Lophelia appears to be growing on sand rather than a hard substratum.

• suitable: When it finds a suitable substratum, the adult polyp develops, growing by budding.

• rocky: Supralittoral communities of rocky substrata are by far the commonest given that most of the islands ' coastline is of this type.

• different: Electric field research, in particular the quantification of fields within different substrata and in situ measurement.

Modifies a noun

• roughness: The effect of substratum surface roughness on the retention of microorganisms.

• surface: The effect of substratum surface roughness on the retention of microorganisms.

Preposition: of

• fact: But there must be some substratum of historical fact in such a saying.

• existence: In the span of twenty minutes he realized what he called the Self, the substratum of existence, which infuses everything.

• soil: The substratum of the soil is partially transition rock, and greywacke in all its various formations is prevalent.

• gravel: The soil is generally a black sandy loam, inclining to clay, and having a plentiful substratum of gravel.

Preposition: for

• attachment: Prior to research on the mounds in 2000, it was thought that Lophelia required a hard substratum for attachment.