Also called "identity chaos," it is the confusion that arises when a variety of unique passwords are used. People often change passwords routinely or make up a new one for each e-commerce site they encounter. Sometimes they are forced to because a Web site may restrict the size or content of the password in some manner. Having many passwords may be confusing, but is actually the recommended approach. Using one code for everything is a greater security risk as more accounts are penetrable if your password is stolen.

Although many Web sites remember passwords by storing cookies in your computer, a problem also arises when you upgrade to a new computer or order something using a different computer. Software utilities and digital wallets can help remember numbers, but they are typically installed on one machine. Combine password chaos with the PIN numbers on your credit cards, debit cards and ATM cards, and "welcome to the 21st century." See single sign-on and digital wallet.