or A·ti·rau (äˈtē-rouˌ) Formerly Gu·ryev (go͝orˈyəf)
A city of western Kazakhstan at the mouth of the Ural River on the Caspian Sea. Founded in 1645 as a military outpost, it was a fishing port until the development of the region's petroleum resources in the 1930s. Population: 145,000.